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Research article:- Pharmacology
Glory Josephine.I1*, Arul Amutha Elizabeth2, Farhana Rahman3, InbarajS.D4, Muniappan.M5, Muthiah6.
1,2,4Associate Professor,3Assistant professor,4,5Department of Pharmacology, Sree Balaji Medical college, Chrompet,Chennai,India.
Abstract:- Aim: Depression is a severe psychiatric disorder with a lifetime prevalence as high as 21%. In Ayurveda ,the a ancient traditional system of medicine, mention a number of single and compound drug formulation of plant origin that have been used to treat the psychiatric disorders. Vetiveria zizanioides is the common source of the well known oil of vetiver, particularly used in aromatherapy and regarded as a tonic to the nervous system.So our aim is to compare the effects of the antidepressant drug fluoxetine and vetiveria zizanioides on depressive behavior in albino rats. Materials and methods: Both Forced swimming test(FST) and Tail suspension test(TST) were used for screening antidepressant effect, The ethanolic extract of Vetiveria zizanioides at three different doses (50,100,200mg/kg,i.p.), fluoxetine(10mg/kg) and saline were administered 30mts prior to the tests and the immobility period was recorded for 6mts.The antidepressant effect of Vetiveria ziizanioides was compared to that of fluoxetine. Results: Both fluoxetine(10mg/kg) and Vetiveria zizanioides (100mg/kg) produced significant antidepressant effect by reduction in immobility period as compared to control. However findings suggested that combination of fluoxetine and Vetiveria is more effective than Vetiveria alone Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated the antidepressant activity of Vetiveria zizanioides and potential for use of an adjuvant in depression.
Keywords:- Antidepressant, Forced swimming test, Tail suspension test, Vetiveria zizanioides.
Original article:-Community Medicine
Aditya Suryabhan Berad* & Prabhakar Gangadhar Anwekar
MD (Community Medicine), Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Index Medical College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh-452016,India.
Aims and objective of study:- To find the prevalence of depressive symptoms in women and to study various socio-demographic factors responsible for the depression. Material and Methods: The study was undertaken in the rural field practice area of the department of Community Medicine, Index Medical College Hospital and Research Center in Indore district of Madhya Pradesh. 124 women from 15-45 years age group were interviewed using the Center for Epidemiological study-Depression scale (CES-D). Results: The prevalence of depression in women whose score was more than 16 on the CES-D scale was found to be 61.3%. The mean CES-D score for entire sample was 21.8 and was 31.04 for women scoring over 16 on the CES-D. A significantly higher rate of current depressive symptoms was observed in women of 15 to 35 years age group. Similarly a significantly higher rate of current depressive symptoms was observed in women from the nuclear family. Current depressive symptoms were significantly more common in women who had current medical and social problems as compared to women who did not. Conclusion: The prevalence of depressive symptoms reported in the study was comparable to past studies. Among the factors associated with current depressive symptoms, the important were age, type of family, current medical and social problems.
Keywords:-Depression,Women,CES-D.
Research article:-
Saravanan D1*, Ranganathan.S1, Harikumar.S1 & Sumathi.K2.
1Department of Anaesthesia,2Department of Biochemistry, Shree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai (Bharath University).
Abstract:- Background: Esmolol and Lignocaine attenuates cardiovascular response during laryngoscopy and intubation. The aim of the study is to compare Lignocaine versus Esmolol to observe the effect on cardiovascular response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Materials and Methods: Fifty elective surgical patients of active age group (16 -60 years) American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status I & II irrespective of surgical procedure were randomly assigned to one of the two groups (A and B). Group A received injection Esmolol 0.5mg/kg injected slowly over a period of 2 minutes followed by maintenance injection 0.2mg/kg/min till intubation was completed. Patients in group B received injection Lignocaine 1 mg/kg injected slowly over a period of 2 minutes followed by maintenance injection 0.4mg/kg/ min till intubation was completed. Hemodynamic parameter i.e. blood pressures (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean blood pressure), heart rate, rate were monitored after bolus, after administration of induction agents, after intubation, and at 2minutes and 10 minutes after intubation. Results: There were statistically significant (p<0.001) fall in blood pressures, heart rate and in group A i.e. pretreatment with intravenous Esmolol and remained so after 10 minutes. On the other hand there were no statistically significant (p>0.01)fall in heart rate, blood pressures and rate pressure product in group B, where pretreatment done with Lignocaine. Conclusion: The study showed that pretreatment with Esmolol 0.5mg/kg injected slowly over a period of 2 minutes followed by maintenance injection 0.2mg/kg/min till intubation suppresses the cardiovascular response due to laryngoscopy and intubation.
Key words:- Cardiovascular response, laryngoscopy, Esmolol, Lignocaine.
Original research article:-Pathology
Banushree C Srinivasamurthy, Nagarajappa A Halappa, Dayananda S Biligi & Sacchidanand S*
*Department of Pathology & Dermatology, Bangalore Medical College & Research Institute,India.
Abstract:- Background: The spectrum of clinical disease related to lichenoid tissue reaction is wider. There is recent increase in relatively new subgroups of lichenoid clinical picture. Histopathological examination helps to derive a concept of the particular tissue reaction and it may cut across boundaries of clinically well-established classes of disease. Aims: To know the clinical and Histopathological patterns of lichen planus and lichenoid eruptions of skin, age and sex distribution of disease. To assess the clinical diagnostic accuracy of histopathology. Methods: A prospective study was conducted by taking pertinent clinical history like age, duration of lesion, site of the lesion, significant family and personal history, history of associated disease and any drug intake. Punch biopsy was taken from the lesions and sections were studied. Results: Sixty cases of lichenoid eruptions were studied,44 cases were classical lichen planus, 5 were of lichen planus pigementosus, 3 of follicular lichen planus, two of lichen nitidus, one each of lichen planus hypertrophicus, lichen planus atrophicus, lichen planus actinicus, benign lichenoid keratosis, lichenoid drup eruption and lichen striatus. 52 cases were confirmed on histopathology and 8 were diagnosed by histopathology alone. Maximum no. of cases occurred in middle age group of 21 – 50 years. Females were affected more than males. Conclusions: Most of the components of lichenoid spectrum exhibit basal cell damage and band-like inflammatory infiltrate that hugs the dermo-epidermal junction except for subtle differences that define the particular variant. Classical lichen planus is the commonest, although other variants can occur. Clinico-pathological correlation is the key to providing optimal patient care.
Keywords:- Basal cell damage, Lichen planus, lichenoid eruption, lichenoid tissue reaction.
Research article:-Pharmacology
Farhana R1*, Arul Amutha E2, Glory J2, Inbaraj SD2, Muniappan M3.
1Assistant Professor,2Associate Professor,3Professor, Dept. of Pharmacology, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Abstract:- Aim: To study the antinoceciptive and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill, on different experiment models. Materials and Methods: Wister albino rats and Swiss albino mice were used for studying antinoceciptive and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Lycopersicon esculentum at doses 100 mg/kg i.p. and 200 mg/kg i.p. Various models viz. acetic acid induced writhing model (mice), Eddy’s hot plate (rats) and formalin-induced paw licking model (rat) for antinoceciptive study and carrageenin induced paw oedema model (rat) for anti-inflammatory study. Results: In all the models for antinoceciptive study ethanolic extract of Lycopersicon esculentum (100 mg/kg i.p) showed significant decrease in pain sensation when compared to experimental control and standard drug. For anti-inflammatory study, ethanolic extract of Lycopersicon esculentum (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg i.p) showed significant decrease in inflammation when compared to control and standard drug. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of Lycopersicon esculentum showed analgesic (central and peripheral) and anti-inflammatory activity.
Key words:- Antinoceciptive, Lycopersicon esculentum, Formalin test, Anti-inflammatory carrageeni.