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Case report:-oral medicine and radiology
N.M. Praveena1*,Ponni Vijayavel2,Priya Ramani3 and Winnifred Christy4
1,2Senior Lecturer,3reader, Department of oral medicine and radiology, Thai Moogambikai Dental College and Hospital, Maduravoyal, Chennai, Tamil Nadu,India. 4Reader, C.S.I College of Dental Science, Madurai,Tamil Nadu,India.
Abstract:- Recurrent apthous stomatitis is a very common oral mucosal lesion which one encounters in general dental practice. The etiopathogenesis is varied and may represent a T-cell mediated immunological reaction. Recurrent apthous major is a variant which demonstrates ulcers of longer duration and severity and can be extremely painful to the patient. It requires considerable care and symptomatic treatment,to elevate the pain. This paper presents a case of recurrent apthous major which was medically managed and showed good response to treatment, with long term follow up.
Key words:- Recurrent apthous stomatitis, Chronic ulcer, Steroids.
Research article:-Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Md. Atiar Rahman1*, Md. Nazim Uddin1, Nazim U. Ahmed2, Md. Rafiqul Islam3
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh.
2Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh. 3Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh.
Abstract:- Aim: The present study was undertaken to investigate the qualitative presence of phytochemicals in Eclipta alba ethanol extract. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory mode of action of the extract was also investigated in some rodent models. Materials and methods Phytochemical tests were made by established methods. Antinociceptive effect of the extract was evaluated by acetic acid induced writhing response model, formalin induced licking response model and thermal pain models of Swiss albino mice. The anti-inflammatory effect of the extract was measured volumetrically using the mean increase of hind paw volume of carrageenan induced Wistar albino rats. Data were analyzed by statistical software SPSS using one way ANOVA. Results:- The study confirmed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, O-glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, phlobatannins and saponins in the extract. The extract at a dose of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g/kg significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited the acetic acid induced pain. Similar dosages inhibited the formalin induced pain which was higher in the first phase than in the second phase. Thermal pain model showed the maximum possible effect 58.97% at the 120th minute with 2.0 g/kg of extract. The extract significantly reduced the carrageenan induced paw edema by 36.48, 40.65 and 42.41%, respectively at the 4th hour of oral administration. Eclipta alba extract was not found to be toxic in acute toxicity test. Conclusion:- The data of this study suggest that whole Eclipta alba ethanolic extract has excellent central antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects and no acute toxicity at least in this experimental condition.
Key words:- Eclipta alba, Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, central nociception, rodent model.
Research article:-Pharmaceutical Sciences
Shinya RV, Jomy Jose and Padmaja.V*.
College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram – 695011, Kerala,India.
Abstract:- Naregamia alata ( W&A) ,a small branching undershrub, used to cure asthma, bronchitis, biliousness, and ulcers. This work covers studies on pharmacognostical and biotechnological studies on the leaves of Naregamia alata (W&A).Pharmacognostical studies were made on macroscopical characters and microscopical characters of leaves, microscopical features of powdered drug, ash values, extractive values, loss on drying, leaf constants, behaviour of crude drug powder with different chemical reagents and its fluorescence analysis. This will help for correct identification of the plant for the future references. Tissue culture studies showed that leaves of Naregamia alata (W&A) can be artificially cultured to plantlets in MS media supplemented with appropriate concentration of IAA and BAP. DNA barcoding studies showed that matK (785 bp), rbcL (553 bp) and ITS (722 bp) can be used as barcodes for the identification of Naregamia alata (W&A) from other species in Meliaceae family.
Key Words:- Naregamia alata, leaves, pharmacognostical and biotechnological studies, (785 bp), rbcL (553 bp), ITS (722 bp), DNA barcoding.
An original article:-Oral Medicine and Radiology
Shashi Rani* Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Sciences(IDS),Siksha O Anusandhan University,KhandagiriSquare, Bhubaneswar-751030,Orissa, India.
Abstract:- Background: The oral cavity is a mirror of the body which serves as a diagnostic indicator for systemic diseases. Like other systemic diseases, renal diseases also have characteristic oral manifestations. The oral cavity may show a variety of changes as the body progresses from an azotemic to a uremic state in patients with impaired renal function. Aim: To study the various oral manifestations in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), hemodialysis patients and those with renal transplants. Methods: A study of 40 cases of chronic renal failure (on conservative care, hemodialysis and post transplant) was undertaken. These patients were divided into three groups based on the treatment modality. A thorough intraoral and extra-oral examination was done on a dental chair using diagnostic instruments and changes in the oral mucosa and teeth were recorded with the help of nephrologists following all protocols. Hematologic and biochemical investigations were done. Results: The most common cause of renal failure was found to be chronic glomerulonephritis followed by hypertensive nephro-sclerosis obstructive uropathy diabetic nephropathy and reflux nephropathy. Xerostomia and halitosis were reported by 5 (62.5%) patients from Group I and 3 (15%) patients from Group II and 1 case from Group III. 1 case from Group reported increase in salivation. Conclusion: The clinical changes seen in the present study were not specific for chronic renal insuffi-ciency as similar manifestations may be exhibited by some other metabolic disorders too. But these changes when correlated to the biochemical profiles and the treatment modalities, proved to be significant prognostic markers which may help in better management of these patients.
Key words:- Chronic renal failure, Hemodialysis, Oral manifestations, Post transplant.
Review article:-Periodontics
Dr. Sandeep A. Lawande MDS, FICOI (USA), FICD, FPFA
Assistant professor, Department of Periodontics, Goa Dental College & Hospital, Bambolim, Goa,India.
Abstract:- Obesity is a growing medical problem worldwide. Obesity is a systemic disease that predisposes to a variety of co-morbidities and complications that affect overall health. Cross-sectional studies suggest that obesity is also associated with oral diseases, particularly periodontal disease, and prospective studies suggest that periodontitis may be related to cardiovascular disease. This article explores the multidirectional relationship between obesity and periodontal disease.
Key words:- Obesity, periodontal disease, inflammation.