DocumentsDate added
Original research article:-Orthodontics
Prabhuraj Kambalyal1 , Promod Shetty2 , Ronak Maniar3* & Sudhanshu Sanadhya4
1Professor,2Professor and Head, 3Postgraduate student, Department of Orthodontics, 4 Postgraduate student, Department of Community dentistry , Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Airport Road, Debari, Udaipur – 313024, Rajasthan, India.
Abstract:- Aims: To correlate and evaluate the changes in the shape and size of the cervical vertebrae with the obese patients and normal patients. Settings and design: A cross sectional radiographic study was carried out among 240 subjects , 8-14 years further divided into 120 normal BMI( body mass index) and 120 obese(increased BMI) visiting Department of Orthodontics, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, India. Methods and Material: The lateral cephalogram were taken and traced for all subjects The system developed by Farman and Hassel modification of Lamparski’s criteria was used to determine skeletal maturation using cervical vertebrae. Results: The obese subjects (3.23±1.2) exhibited a significantly higher mean cervical vertebral maturation score than did the normal subjects (2.6±1.4). Conclusion: Obese subjects showed a higher mean discrepancy between skeletal and chronologic ages compared with normal-weight subjects. Furthermore, obese subjects had a significantly higher cervical vertebral maturation score than did normal-weight subjects. Thus, to account for the earlier growth in obese patients with skeletal discrepancies, it might be necessary to perform earlier examinations and treatments than in normal-weight subjects.
Key words:- Skeletal maturation, cervical vertebrae, obesity.
Copyright © 2013 Maniar Ronak et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Case Report:-Otorhinolaryngology
Dutta Sumanta K1* , Nandy Sumit2 , Chakraborty Debdulal3 & Basu Keya4.
1Associate Professor, 3Assistant Professor, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, ,2Demonstrator, 4Professor & Head, Department of Pathology, Calcutta National Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Abstract:- Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous disease of the muco-cutaneous tissue, which clinically presents as polypoidal growths. Cutaneous lesions are infrequent and are generally associated with mucosal lesions. We present a case of scalp rhinosporidiosis in association with recurrent nasopharyngeal rhinosporidiosis in a 52 year old male patient. He presented with nasal mass, nasal obstruction, episodes of epistaxsis and dysphagia to solid foods. This was accompanied with two small flesh coloured warty polypoidal lesions over the scalp. Past history revealed similar type of nasal complaints for last 35 years for which he was operated 13 times before in different hospitals! Histopathology of the cutaneous and nasopharyngeal masses revealed numerous sporangia containing spores of various sizes in a vascular connective tissue, confirming the diagnosis of cutaneous and nasopharyngeal rhinosporidiosis. Because of rarity of skin involvement (particularly scalp) and noting the high frequency of recurrence of this disease, this case has been reported.
Key words:- Cutaneous rhinosporidiosis, Nasopharyngeal, Recurrence, Scalp.
References:-
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3.Keefe MA, Loh KS, Chong SM, Pang YT, Soh K. Rhinosporidiosis: differential diagnosis of a large nasal mass. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2001;124:121-2.
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Copyright © 2013 Dutta Sumanta K et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:-
G. Sucilathangam, M.D1*, S. Niranjan,M.B.B.S1, G. Velvizhi, M.D1., N. Palaniappan, M.D1 & T.Anna,M.V.Sc.Ph.D2.
1Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli - 627 011, Tamil Nadu, India.
2Veterinary College and Research Institute,Namakkal-637001,TamilNadu,India.
Abstract:-
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causes of nosocomial or community-based infections that were resistant to β-lactam antibiotics due to production of ß-lactamase and presence of mecA gene. Most laboratories use disk diffusion method and MIC for detection of methicillin resistance in S. aureus. The latex agglutination test is an alternative to PCR for rapid detection of mecA gene.The aim of the study is to detect and differentiate BORSA(Borderline Oxacillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus)from MRSA(Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and to compare MRSA latex agglutination test with standard susceptibility testing methods viz., oxacillin agar screen, Cefoxitin disc diffusion test and MIC.
Materials and methods: After obtaining approval from Institutional Scientific and Ethics Committee, clinical samples were processed over a period of two months at Tirunelveli Medical College Hospital by following the standard protocols. Resistant strains of S. aureus were subjected to the following phenotypic methods to screen and confirm MRSA viz., Oxacillin screen agar and Cefoxitin disc diffusion test and also were tested for detection and differentiation of BORSA from MRSA by Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Oxacillin by Broth Macrodilution method.PBP 2a encoded mecA gene was detected by rapid MRSA Latex Agglutination Test (Slidex MRSA Detection kit, Biomeriux,France).
Results: Nineteen strains were classified as borderline according to oxacillin MIC, resistant by oxacillin disk and sensitive to Cefoxitin and 33 strains were classified as MRSA resistant by oxacillin and Cefoxitin disk methods. The three strains that were classified as resistant by the oxacillin disk and Broth macrodilution methods were also resistant by the oxacillin agar screening agar whereas sixteen strains were susceptible. The sensitivity and specificity of the oxacillin agar screen test were 81.81 and 84.21%, respectively. MRSA-Screen detects the PBP2a antigen in all 33 MRSA strains and all 19 BORSA strains were mecA negative. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV are 100%.The MRSA latex agglutination test is also correlated with the cefoxitin disc diffusion test and the oxacillin MIC for detection of MRSA. Conclusion: The MRSA-Screen Latex Agglutination Test for detection of PBP2a is a rapid, easy to perform, and accurate method for the detection of MRSA. This test provides an alternative to the detection of the mecA gene by PCR in clinical laboratories when this technique is unavailable.
Key Words:- Borderline Oxacillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (BORSA), Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Oxacillin agar screen, Cefoxitin disc diffusion test, MIC, MRSA Latex Agglutination Test.
References:-
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7.Balslev U, Bremmelgard A, Svejgaard E,Havstreym J, Westh H. An outbreak of oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (BORSA) in a dermatological unit. Microbe. Drug. Resist.2005; 11: 78-81.
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10.Brown D, Edddwards DI, Hawkey PM, Morrison D,Ridgway GL. Guidelines for the laboratory diagnosis of and susceptibility testing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) J Antimicrob Chemothe 2005; 56:1000-18
11.Van Griethuysen, A., M. Pouw, N. van Leeuwen, M. Heck, P. Willemse, A. Buiting, and J. Kluytmans. 1999. Rapid slide latex agglutination test for detection of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. J. Clin.Microbiol.37:2789–92.
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14. Hussain FM, Boyle-Vavra S, Bethel CD, Daum RS.Current trends in community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at a tertiary care pediatric facility. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2000;19: 1163-6.
15. Arbique J, Forward K, Haldane D, Davidson R. Comparison of the Velogene Rapid MRSA Identification Assay, Denka MRSA- Screen Assay, and BBL Crystal MRSA ID System for rapid identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2001; 40: 5-10.
16. Sakoulas G, Gold HS, Venkataraman L, DeGirolami PC, Eliopoulos GM, Qian Q. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: comparison of susceptibility testing methods and analysis of mecA-positive susceptible strains. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39: 3946-51.
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21. Udo EE, Mokadas EM, Al-Haddad A, Mathew B, Jacob LE, Sanyal SC. Rapid detection of methicillin resistance in staphylococci using a slide latex agglutination kit. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2000; 15: 19-24.
22.Cavassini M, Wenger A, Jaton K, Blanc DS, Bille J.Evaluation of MRSA Screen, a simple anti-PBP 2a slide latex agglutination kit, for rapid detection of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37: 1591-4.
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Copyright © 2013 Sucilathangam G et al., This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:-
Asokan Vasudevan1*,LaxmiPriya Dei2 , Harisha C R3 and V J Shukla4.
1Ph.D. Scholar, 2Associate Prof. & Head, Department of Streeroga and Prasootitantra, 3Head, Pharmacognosy Laboratory, 4Head, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Institute for Post Graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar,Gujrat, India.
Abstract:- Pathadi Kwatha is indicated in Granthibhuta artava Dushti (one among the eight types of menstrual disorder) characterized by clotted appearance of menstrual bleeding and anovulation with poly cystic ovaries due to Vata-Kapha dushti. Vata-Kaphaja Artava Dushti compared to polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS) is characterized by oligomenorrhoea, chronic anovulation, and multiple cystic lesions in either or both the ovaries as evidenced by ultrasonography, with or without obesity, hirsutism, acanthosis nigricans, ultimately leading to Infertility in adult female population. So a new pharmaceutical preparation in the form of Pathadi Kwatha was tried to standardize which is economical in terms of time and machinery usage. Pharmacognostical and phyto-chemical observations revealed the specific characters of all active constituents used in the preparation. For the first time standardization of Pathadi Kwatha was undertaken. The present work was carried out to standardize the finished product Pathadi Kwatha to confirm its identity, quality and purity. The presence of stone cells, sclerates, pitted vessels, simple and compound starch grains, fibres; oil globules embedded in parenchyma cells, were the characteristic features observed in the microscopy of drug combination. Phyto-chemical analysis shows solid content of 7.19% w/w, water soluble extract of 49.52 % w/w, specific gravity of 1.010. On the basis of observations and experimental results, the study may be used as reference standard in the further quality control researches.
Key words:- Pathadi Kwatha, PCOS, Pharmacognosy, Phyto-chemistry.
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Copyright © 2013 Vasudevan Asokan et al.. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:-Nursing
Radhamaniamma Jayasree(M Phil(N),MSN,RN/RM)
Senior Teacher, Salalah Nursing Institute, Sultanate of Oman.
Abstract:- Within nursing, the development and utilization of nursing model is an area of constant growth. The purpose of this article is to describe a detailed case application of Roy’s adaptation model (RAM) in the nursing care of patients with Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The assessment and interventions are guided by RAM. An assessment tool for RA patient was prepared by the author and administered it to patients. A case study is presented to demonstrate how RAM can be used to guide nursing care of RA patients.
Key Words:- Adaptation, Assessment, Nursing Interventions, Rheumatoid arthritis, Roy’s adaptation model (RAM).
References:-
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Copyright © 2013 Radhamaniamma Jayasree et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.