DocumentsDate added
Original article:-
M. D. Dixit1, Kishore Bhat2*, Mohan D. Gan3 & Aruneshwari Dayal3
1Head of the Department & Professor,2Research Officer,3Professor,CVTS,Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Karnataka Lingayat Educational Society’s Dr.Prabhakar Kore Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.
Abstract:- Background and Objectives: Several chronic microbial infections are being considered as newer risk factors for atherosclerosis and CAD. But the reports are conflicting and the published data from India is scarce. An attempt has been made in the present study to evaluate the role of pathogen burden in subjects with and without CAD in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karnataka,India. Methods: Seropositivity to IgG antibodies specific for Chlamydia pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori, Herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 and Cytomegalovirus was investigated in 274 patients with CAD and 275 apparently healthy individuals by ELISA test. The presence of conventional risk factors including hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and BMI were recorded. Occurrence of angina and MI also were noted. Results: There was a significant difference in the incidence of CMV, H. pylori and C. pneumoniae between CAD patients and controls, but the association was weak after multivariate analysis. On the other hand, pathogen burden was significantly higher in study group. The presence of risk factors was very high in patients (73.82%) in contrast to controls (11.3%). The association between MI and pathogen burden was statistically significant. Interpretation and conclusion: our data provide strong evidence that pathogen burden may have direct bearing on the incidence of CAD and also on the occurrence of cardiac complications such as MI. On the other hand, the association of individual infections with CAD appears to be weak. More such studies, prospective in nature are needed before definite conclusions can be drawn.
Keywords:- Coronary Artery Disease, H. pylori, C. pneumonia, HSV, CMV, Risk factors, Myocardial infarction & Pathogen burden.
References:-
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Copyright © 2013 Bhat Kishore et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Case report:- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics
Ambica Khetarpal1,Sarika Chaudhary2,Sangeeta Talwar3, Mahesh Verma4& Kirti Chawla5
1Senior Research Associate,2Associate Professor,3Professor and Head, 4Director-principal, 5Senior resident, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences,Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi – 110002 Delhi,India.
Abstract:- Management of a mutilated tooth with little or no clinical crown remaining poses a great challenge for the clinician. The successful treatment of such a badly broken tooth with pulpal disease depends not only on good endodontic therapy, but also on good prosthetic reconstruction of the tooth. In such cases, additional retention and support of the restoration are difficult to achieve as this requires non-violation of the biologic width through surgical crown lengthening procedure. The present case report describes the retreatment of a maxillary premolar with post-core restoration. The effectiveness and thoroughness of crown lengthening carried out using a Er,Cr:YSGG laser was highly appreciable. Post-operative patient satisfaction in terms of aesthetics and pain was excellent, proving the efficiency of the procedure in achieving remarkable healing.
Keywords:- Er,Cr:YSGG laser, mutilated tooth, crown lengthening, healing, FRC post.
References:-
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6.Yu DG, Kimura Y, Kinoshita J, Matsumoto K. Morphologic and atomic analytical studies on enamel and dentin irradiated by an ErCr:YSGG laser. J Clin Laser Med Surg. 2000; 18(3): 139-43.
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9.Dean DB. Concepts in laser periodontal therapy: Using the Er,Cr:YSGG laser. The Academy of Dental Therapeutics and Stomotology A Peer-Reviewed Publication, Continuing Education Course, 2005.
10.Jetter C. Soft-tissue management using an Er,Cr:YSGG laser during restorative procedures. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2008 Jan-Feb; 29(1):46-9.
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12.Schalter R. The Er,Cr:YSGG laser in various restorative treatments. J Acad Laser Dent 2005; 13:26-29.
Literature review:-Periodontics,
Mitul Kumar Mishra1* & Shilpi Tiwari2
1Assistant professor, Department of Periodontics, Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, India.
2Assistant professor, Department of Pedodontics and preventive dentistry, Peoples College of dental sciences, Bhopal, India.
Abstract:- With the growing interest in self-care and integrative medicine coupled with our health embracing baby boomer population, recognition of the link between diet and health has never been stronger. As a result, the market for functional foods, or foods that promote health beyond providing basic nutrition, is flourishing. Within the functional foods movement is the small but rapidly expanding arena of probiotics–live microbial food supplements that beneficially affect an individual by improving intestinal microbial balance. By definition, probiotics are live microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer health benefits upon the host. Based on current research data the effects of probiotics on periodontal health and its maintenance are not clear. Systematic in vitro studies are first needed to learn more about the eventual interactions of probiotic species and periodontal pathogens and oral biofilms, and also about their effects on periodontal host tissue reactions. Key words:- Periodontal health, probiotics, biofilm.
References:-
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2.Meurman JH. Probiotics: do they have a role in oral medicine and dentistry? Eur J Oral Sci 2005: 113: 188–96.
3.Hojo K, Mizoguchi C, Takemoto N, Oshima T, Gomi K, Arai T, Maeda N. Distribution of salivary lactobacillus and bifidobacterium species in periodontal health and disease. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2007: 71: 152–7.
4.Socransky S, Haffajee A. Periodontal microbial ecology. Periodontol 2000 2005: 38: 135–87.
5.Stamatova I, Kari K, Meurman JH. In vitro evaluation of antimicrobial activity of putative probiotic lactobacilli against oral pathogens. Int J Probiotics Prebiotics 2008: 2:225–232.
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8.Collado MC, Surono I, Meriluoto J, Salminen S. Indigenous dadih lactic acid bacteria: cell-surface properties and interactions with pathogens. J Food Sci 2007: 72: M89–M93.
9.Haukioja A, Loimaranta V, Tenovuo J. Probiotic bacteria affect the composition of salivary pellicle and streptococcal adhesion in vitro. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2008: 23: 336– 43.
10.Ko˜ll-Klais P, Ma¨ndar R, Leibur E, Marcotte H, Hammarstrom L, Mikelsaar M. Oral lactobacilli in chronic periodontitis and periodontal health: species composition and antimicrobial activity. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2005: 20: 354–61.
11.Marcotte H, Ko˜ll-Klais P, Hultberg A, Zhao Y, Gmur R, Mandar R, Mikelsaar M, Hammarstro¨m L. Expression of single-chain antibody against RgpA protease of Porphyromonas gingivalis in Lactobacillus. J Appl Microbiol 2005: 100: 256–63.
12.Teughels W, Newman MG, Coucke W, Haffajee A, Van Der Mei HC, Haake SK, Schepers E, Cassiman JJ, Van Eldere J, van Steenberghe D, Quirynen M. Guiding periodontal pocket recolonization: a proof of concept. J Dent Res 2007: 86: 1078–82.
13.Grajek W, Olejnik A, Sip A. Probiotics, prebiotics and antioxidants as functional foods. Acta Biochim Pol 2005; 52:665–71.
Copyright © 2013 Mitul K Mishra & Shilpi Tiwari. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:- Anesthesia
Ansari Mohammad U1, Porwal Sanjay K2*, Garg Ganga S1, Swarnkar Madhusudan3, Qureshi Salim4 & Lodha Lakhapat R5
1Assistant Professor,5Senior Professor, Department of Anesthesia,2Associate Professor, Department of Surgery ,3Assistant Professor, Department of P.S.M,4Medical Officer Jhalawar Hospital and Medical College Society, Jhalawar (Raj.) India.
Abstract: Background: Shivering is a common problem faced by an anesthesiologist during intra operative as well as post operative period. Shivering occurs during both general anaesthesia and regional anaesthesia but it is more troublesome during neuraxial anaesthesia. Neuraxial anaesthesia impairs thermoregulatory control and upto 40-60% incidence of shivering has been reported. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous ketamine and tramadol in control of shivering and to note the side effects of drug used. Methods: This study was conducted in 60 ASA I and II patients. Neuraxial anaesthesia was performed with 3.0 ml (15 mg) of 0.5% of Bupivacaine heavy in all patients The patients were allocated in two groups of 30 each to receive ketamine 0.5 mg/kg (group K) and tramadol 0.5 mg/kg (group T) i. v. after the appearance of shivering. Disappearance and recurrence of shivering as well as temperature and haemodynamics were recorded with scheduled intervals. Shivering was graded from 0-4 grades and recurrence of shivering if occurred than additional dose of either ketamine or tramadol 0.5 mg/kg was given in respective group. Results: Onset of disappearance of shivering was found at 01 minute in tramadol group (T) P<0.05 and 3 minutes in ketamine group (K) <0.05. The complete disappearance of shivering took 5 minutes in T group and 8 minutes in K group. Recurrence rate of shivering was 10% in T and 20% in K group of patients respectively. None of the patients has any complication except nausea and vomiting (6.66% and 3.33% in group T and K respectively P<0.05). Conclusion: Thus tramadol and ketamine were equally efficacious, but tramadol was more potent with respect to control of shivering and its recurrence. It was concluded that i.v. tramadol is qualitatively superior to ketamine for control of shivering.
Keywords:- Shivering, Tramadol, Ketamine, Neuraxial anaesthesia.
References:-
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Copyright © 2013 Porwal Sanjay K et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Letter to editor
Dr. Ruby Khan
Associate Professor, Department of Periodontology & implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, UP, India.
*Correspondence address:
Dr. Ruby Khan,
Associate Professor,
Department of Periodontology & Implantology,
Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, U.P., India.