DocumentsDate added
Original article:-
Maninder Karan*1, Kawal Preet 2 & Karan Vasisht3
M. Pharm., Ph. D.*1, M. Pharm.2, M. Pharm., Ph. D.3
University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences–UGC Centre for Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
Abstract:-
The present study assessed topical anti-inflammatory activity of different species of an indigenous drug Barleria against croton oil induced oedema in female rats. Seven different extracts viz., mother extract (methanolic, ME, prepared by maceration), hexane (HE), chloroform (CE), ethyl acetate (EAE), butanol (BE) and left aqueous (LAE) extracts obtained after partitioning of ME and total aqueous extract (TAE, prepared by maceration) of each Barleria spp. were evaluated at 200 and 400 mg/ml prepared in croton oil solution using ibuprofen as a standard. The maximum effect was observed at a dose of 200 mg/ml for all the extracts of both the species and chloroform extract of B. prionitis showed the best topical activity with 88.31 per cent inhibition of ear oedema.
Key Words: - Barleria prionitis, B. cristata, Anti-inflammatory, Topical model.
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Article citation:-
Maninder Karan, Preet Kawal & Karan Vasisht. Topical anti-inflammatory studies on Barleria prionitis and B. cristata. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1164-1169.
Copyright © 2013 Maninder Karan, Kawal Preet & Karan Vasisht. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Review article:-
N.Raghavendra Reddy, S.Tamil Selvi, Esther Nalini, Renuka Devi & Arun Kumar Prasad.
Affiliation:-
Department of Periodontics, K.S.R Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, K.S.R. Kalvi Nagar,Kuchipalyam(P.O)-Tiruchengode-637215,Namakkal(Dist),Tamilnadu-India.
Abstract:-
Background: It has been demonstrated that genetic variations accounts for approximately half of the variance in periodontitis. Like many other common human diseases, periodontitis appears to be influenced by more than one gene, and the identification of such genes would provide a valuable tool for risk assessment. The study aimed to focus on a systematic review of literature to find out the role of genetic factors in periodontitis.
Materials and methods: A comprehensive literature search on the PubMed database up to 2012 was conducted using the keywords: Periodontitis, Periodontal disease, in combination with the words Genes, Mutations or Polymorphisms. The studies selected for the review (1) were written in English, (2) Study design including patients with chronic (CP) or aggressive (AP) periodontitis, and (3) Reported genotype distribution. This review focussed on the role of genetic polymorphisms (mainly single nucleotide polymorphisms) in the susceptibility of chronic periodontitis.
Results: The studies by many groups have demonstrated that genetics play an important role in severity and progression. Case control association study designs are considered as a powerful method in detecting the high frequently occurring candidate gene polymorphisms. Because of diversity of ethnic background of study cohorts, the genotype and allele frequencies differ between different ethnic populations. No gene polymorphism has as yet been shown to be a risk factor for susceptibility of chronic periodontitis.
Conclusion: Future studies should follow strict disease classification and large study cohorts to find for relevant risk factors associated with periodontitis and include analysis of multiple gene polymorphisms. The possibility to include data from multiple gene polymorphisms or haplotypes and their environmental interactions will give us a better assessment of pathophysiology of periodontal disease.
Key Words:- periodontitis, genetics, polymorphisms, mutations.
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Article citation:-
N.Raghavendra Reddy et al. The role of genetic factors in periodontitis – A review. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1178-1183.
Copyright © 2013 N.Rahgavendra Reddy et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Clinical updates:-
*1Obaid Mohammad, 2Pandey Rajesh, 3Singh Jasbir, 4Agrawal Bimal K & 3Sodhi Kuldip S.
Affiliation:-
1MD student, 2Associate Professor, 3Professor, Department of Biochemistry ,4Professor, Department of General Medicine, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala. Haryana, India.133207.
Abstract:
From being considered a mere end product of insulin synthesis, to its current role as an active biological molecule, C-peptide has evolved immensely. Its role in diabetic micro vascular complications like nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy has been substantially elucidated. Numerous signal transduction mechanisms have been implicated including those involving the stimulation of Na+K+-ATPase, endothelial nitric oxide synthetase, protein kinase C, mitogen activated protein kinases and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinases. Therapeutic trials of C-peptide in patients with diabetic nephropathy and neuropathy have shown considerable success, prompting some authors to propose the idea of labeling diabetes as a dual hormone disease, a somewhat premature, yet thought provoking proposal. The focus should now shift towards evaluating its role in type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. Because of their complex pathogeneses, this role is less clear. However, it can safely be said that elucidating this association is only a matter of time. Altered C-peptide levels in non diabetic pathologies like cancers of colon, breast and prostate and in thyroid disorders are another interesting finding. Much more however needs to be done to explain the possible mechanisms of these alterations and suggest plausible clinical applications. The search for a C-peptide receptor still remains elusive. Its discovery, perhaps, can serve as the final nail in the coffin in deciphering the C-peptide puzzle.
Key Words:- Cancer, C-peptide, Complications, Diabetes mellitus, Insulin.
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Article citation:-
Obaid Mohammad et al. The rediscovery of C-Peptide: A clinical update. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1221-1228.
Copyright © 2013 Obaid Mohammad et al.. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:-
Saurabh K. Deo1*,Jasbir Singh2,Kuldip Sodhi2 & Rajesh Pandey3
Affiliations:-
1B.Sc.Biochemistry, Post-graduate (M. Sc. Medical Biochemistry) student, 2MD Biochemistry Professor,3MD Biochemistry Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, MM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana (India)- 133203.
Abstract:
Background: The monitoring of glycemic control is essential to avoid the potentially severe complications of diabetes mellitus. Serum glycated albumin (GA) is an important tool in assessing short term (2-4 weeks) glycemic control of diabetic patients. The Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS, predicting risk of diabetes) considers four risk factors: age, abdominal obesity, family history of diabetes and physical activity.
Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of serum GA for diagnosing diabetes mellitus.
Setting and design: 100 staff members of MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India.
Materials and methods: Serum GA was measured by enzymatic glycated serum protein method. For IDRS, assessment was done using a validated questionnaire.
Statistical analysis: Epi-Info version 6.
Results and conclusions: The AUC (area under curve) under ROC (Receiver Operating Characterstics) for GA was significantly lower than that for IDRS. Thus, IDRS is more accurate compared with serum GA for identifying diabetes mellitus.
Key Words:- Diabetes mellitus, glucose, glycated albumin, glycemic control, IDRS.
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Article citation:-
Saurabh K. Deo et al. The efficacy of glycated albumin for diagnosing diabetes mellitus in staff members of MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, India. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013, June; 31(31): 1204-1208.
Copyright © 2013 Saurabh K. Deo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Review article:-
Neeru Bhaskar*1 ,Harnam Kaur2, Sheikh Ishaq3, Qazi Najeeb4,Kusum Singla5, & Ruhi Mahajan6
Affiliation:-
Associate Professor1,2, Postgraduate student3,4,5,6, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana-133207, India.
Abstract: Despite advances in clinical management an estimated 7.25 million (12.8%) people die of ischaemic heart disease worldwide each year. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) irreversibly damages the cardiomyocytes. This loss triggers a cascade of detrimental events, including formation of scar tissue, an overload of blood flow and pressure capacity, the overstretching of viable cardiac cells, leading to heart failure and eventual death. Restoring damaged heart muscle tissue, through repair or regeneration, is a potentially new strategy to treat heart failure and various other CVD. Stem cells are promising new therapeutics for patients with different heart diseases, they may be obtained from diverse locations, aside from the bone marrow, which is traditionally considered a source for stem cells, we may find stem cells in the periphery. For example, we can extract stem cells from fat tissue. There's a lot of ongoing investigation on where to get these cells, how to use them, and exactly which cells works best. Researchers have successfully injected human adult stem cell (ASC) into damaged areas of mouse heart. These stem cells can develop into cardiac muscle cells and improve heart function. Might it be possible in the future for a physician to order a few grams of cardiac muscle cells from a regenerative medicine lab, to transplant into a heart attack patient in much the same way that surgeons routinely order blood from a blood bank for a transfusion during surgical procedure.
Key Words:- Ischaemia, Myocardial Infarction, Stem cells.
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