DocumentsDate added
Research article:
Anshul Jhanwar1,*,O.P.Patidar2,R.N.Sharma3,Ashutosh Chourishi3,Abhay Jain4
Affiliation:-
1Demonstrator, Pharmacology, J.M.C., Jhalawar (Raj), India
2Associate professor, Medicine, J.M.C., Jhalawar (Raj), India
3Professor, Pharmacology, R.D.G.M.C., Ujjain (M.P.), India
4Professor, Psychiatry, R.D.G.M.C., Ujjain (M.P.), India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
R.D.Gardi Medical College,Ujjain (M.P),India
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr. Anshul Jhanwar,
III/2, Doctor’s residence, Medical College Campus, Jhalawar, Dist- Jhalawar (Raj.)– 326001, India
Mobile – 07726097704
Abstract
Aim: To compare the efficacy of Baclofen and Diazepam in alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Materials and Methods: This was a 15 days, randomized, parallel, double blind comparative study. Fourty eight in-patients were randomized in two groups (Group I (Baclofen =24), mean age = 33±6.76 and Group II (Diazepam = 24), mean age = 35±8.16. All patients with mild to moderate AWS were enrolled for study after obtaining informed written consent. The patients were administered either Baclofen 10mg or Diazepam 10mg tablets at the dose of one tablets twice a day for five days followed by one tablet once a day for the next five days. The in-patient unit offered a 10-day in-patient stay with flexibility to allow negotiation of the discharge date between day 10 and day 15.
Statistics: The data were analyzed by using the statistical software SPSS, version 16.0.The continuous variables were analyzed by using the Student t-test while categorical data was analyzed by using the Chi-square (x2) test. The results were presented as median (range) and number (percentage) for continuous variables.
Main outcome measures: Primary variables were CIWA-Ar total score (The revised Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol).
Clinical trial registry: India (CTRI) number: CTRI/2011/08/001938.
Results: In both groups, from 2nd to 3rd day all participants had achieved a clinically relevant improvement of their withdrawal symptoms. There was drastic reduction on the scores of CIWA-Ar scale from baseline to day 10 & day 15. These changes were statistically highly significant (p < 0.001), which shown that both drugs were efficacious in the treatment of acute mild to moderate AWS. But there were no statistically significant differences between both of the treatment groups on day 10 & day 15 in all efficacy measures, so that the results obtained with them can be considered as equal. Side-effects were slightly more common in the Diazepam group than in Baclofen group.
Conclusions: From the present study it can be concluded that, Baclofen is equivalent in efficacy to Diazepam in the treatment of mild to moderate AWS.
Keywords: Baclofen, Diazepam,CIWA-Ar Scale, Alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
REFERENCES
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2.Fiellin DA, O’Connor PG, Holmboe ES. Risk for delirium tremens in patients with AWS. Subst Abuse. 2002;23:83-94.
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4.Ray R. The extent, pattern and trends of drug abuse in India: National survey. Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment and United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2004.
5.Saitz R, Mayo-Smith MF, Roberts MS, et al. Individualized treatment for alcohol withdrawal. JAMA. 1994;272:519-523.
6.Colombo G, Serra S, Brunetti G et al. The GABAB receptor agonists baclofen and CGP 44532 prevent acquisition of alcohol drinking behaviour in alcohol-preferring rats. Alcohol Alcohol 2002; 37: 499.
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8.Colombo G, Serra S, Brunetti G et al. Suppression by baclofen of alcohol deprivation effect in Sardinian alcohol- preferring (sP) rats. Drug Alcohol Depend 2003; 70:105–8.
9.Colombo G, Serra S, Vacca G et al. Suppression by baclofen of the stimulation of alcohol intake induced by morphine and WIN 55,212–2 in alcohol-preferring rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2004; 492: 189–93.
10.Anstrom KK, Cromwell HC, Markowski T, Woodward DJ. Effect of baclofen on alcohol and sucrose self-administration in rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2003; 27: 900–8.
11.Addolorato G, Caputo F, Capristo E et al. Rapid suppression of AWS by baclofen. Am J Med 2002; 112: 226–9.
12.Addolorato G, Leggio L, Abenavoli L et al. Suppression of alcohol delirium tremens by baclofen administration: a case report. Clin Neuropharmacol 2003; 26: 258–62.
13.Addolorato G, Caputo F, Capristo E et al. Ability of baclofen in reducing alcohol craving and intake:preliminary clinical evidence. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2000; 24:67- 71.
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16.Ameisen O. Complete and prolonged suppression of symptoms and consequences of alcohol-dependence using high-dose baclofen: a self-case report of a physician. Alcohol Alcohol 2005; 40: 147–50.
Article citation:
Jhanwar A., Patidar OP., Sharma RN, Chourishi A., Jain A. A double blind study for efficacy of Diazepam and Baclofen in the treatment of Alcohol withdrawal syndrome. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(05):482-488. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Jhanwar A., Patida OP., Sharma RN, Chourishi A., Jain A. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Case report:
Muhittin Serkan Yilmaz1, Miray Baba1, Cemil Kavalcı2,*, Fevzi Yılmaz1, Müge Sonmez1,
Gulsüm Kavalci3,Bahattin Işik4, Bahadir Danişman5
Affiliation:-
1Numune Training and Research Hospital, Emergency Department, Ankara/Turkey
2Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Emergency Department, Ankara/Turkey
3Yenimahalle state Hospital, Anesthesia Department, Ankara/Turkey
4Keciören Training and Research Hospital, Emergency Department, Ankara/Turkey
5Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Emergency Department, Istanbul/Turkey
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Numune Training and Research Hospital, Emergency Department, Ankara/Turkey
2.Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Emergency Department, Ankara/Turkey
3.Yenimahalle state Hospital, Anesthesia Department, Ankara/Turkey
4.Keciören Training and Research Hospital, Emergency Department, Ankara/Turkey
5.Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Emergency Department, Istanbul/Turkey
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr.Kavalci Cemil1, (Asoc.Prof)
Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Emergency Department, Bahcelievler/Ankara/Turkey
Phone:+90 505 5762819
Fax;+90 312 223 6439
Abstract
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but potentially fatal complication of antipsychotic drug use. Its incidence varies between 0.07% and 2.2%. We aimed to report a case with NMS that developed after use of clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic agent.
Case: A 36-year-old man presented to emergency department with fever, sweating, difficulty in breathing, excessive muscle contractions, impaired speech, and altered consciousness. Approximately 10 days before he had been begun on clozapine (leponex) and ketiapin (seroquel) at a psychiatry clinic. Nearly 1 week after therapy onset he began to have loss of appetite, diffuse sweating, tremor in whole body including hands, and fever. He also began to have difficulty in breathing and altered consciousness three days before his presentation. On physical examination his body temperature was 42 0C, pulse rate 165 bpm, and blood pressure 90/50mmHg. CK-total: 973 U/L. Having reached a presumed diagnosis of neuroleptic malignant syndrome, we requested a neurology consultation.
Conclusion Risk of NMS should be taken into account at the time of starting antipsychotic medications and changing their doses in all patients.
Keywords: Emergency; neuroleptic malignant syndrome; atypical antipsychotic.
REFERENCES
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5.American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Text Revision. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association, 2000.
6.Pope HG Jr, Cole JO, Choras PT, et al. Apparent neuroleptic malignant syndrome with clozapine and lithium. J Nerv Ment Dis 1986;174:493-5.
7.Mathews T, Aderibigbe YA. Proposed research diagnostic criteria for neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 1999;2:129-44.
8.Nierenberg D, Disch M, Manheimer E, et al. Facilitating prompt diagnosis and treatment of the neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1991;50:580-6.
9.Rosebush PI, Stewart T, Mazurek MF. The treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.Are dantrolene and bromocriptine useful adjuncts to supportive care? Br J Psychiatry 1991;159:709-12.
10.Miyaoka H, Shishikura K, Otsubo T, Muramatsu D, Kamijima K. Diazepamresponsive neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a diagnostic subtype? Am J Psychiatry 1997;154:882.
11.Seitz DP, Gill SS. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome complicating antipsychotic treatment of delirium or agitation in medical and surgical patients: Case reports and a review of literature. Psychosomatics 2009; 50:8-15.
12.Strawn JR, Keck PE, Caroff SN. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Am J Psychiatry 2007; 164:870-876.
Article citation:
Yilmaz MS, Baba M, Kavalci C, Yilmaz F, Sonmez M, Kavalci G, et al., A fatal neuroleptic malignant syndrome as a result of atypical Antipsychotic drug Use. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(06):489-491.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Yilmaz MS, Baba M, Kavalci C, Yilmaz F, Sonmez M, Kavalci G, et al., This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Review article:
Seema Grover, M.D.S, 1,*,Vikas Malik, M.D.S2, Ashutosh Kaushik, M.D.S.,3,Rohan Diwakar, M.D.S.,4,Puneet Yadav, M.D.S.,4
Affiliation:-
1Professor,Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics,SGT Dental College and Research Institute, Gurgaon,India
2Reader,Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics,SGT Dental College and Research Institute, Gurgaon,India
3Post Graduate,Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics,SGT Dental College and Research Institute, Gurgaon,India
4Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, SGT Dental College and Research Institute, Gurgaon,India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
From the department of Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics,SGT Dental College and Research Institute, Gurgaon,India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Seema Grover, M.D.S.,
A-229, Supermart 1, DLF Phase 4
Gurgaon-122002, Haryana,India
Contact number:+91- 9810636828
J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(06):525-531.
Article citation:
Grover S, Malik V, Kaushik A, Diwakar R, Yadav P. A Future perspective of Botox in Dentofacial Region. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(05):525-531. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
There is always a need for a conservative noninvasive treatment modality that is quick, easy, relatively inexpensive, long acting, and effective, by the healthcare providers. There are some clinical situations which demands surgical and invasive procedures for achieving the esthetic and therapeutic goals. Botulinum toxin, a natural protein, is one of the most potent biological substances known which decreases the contractility of the muscles. Botox works by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. It can be a boon in treating several conditions for the associated with excessive muscle contraction or pain. A sound knowledge of the chemistry, mechanism of action, dose, method of administration, indications, contraindications and precautions is requisite for achieving the optimal outcome. A growing number of dentists are now providing botulinum toxin, treatment for their patients for both oral and maxillofacial cosmetic and therapeutic use and it is the most commonly performed minimally invasive cometic procedure. The objective of this review was to discuss the emerging role of botulinum toxin in the treatment of various pathological conditions of dentofacial region.
KEYWORDS: Botox; gummy smile; esthetics.
REFERENCES
1.Aoki KR, Guyer B. Botulinum toxin type A and other botulinum toxin serotypes: A comparative review of biochemical and pharmacological actions. Eur J Neurol 2001;8(Suppl 5):21-29.
2.Flynn TC, Clark RE. Botulinum toxin type B (Myobloc) versus botulinum toxin type A (Botox) frontalis study: Rate of onset andradius of diffusion. Dermatol Surg 2003;29(5):519-22.
3.Brin MF. Botulinum toxin: Chemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, and immunology. Muscle Nerve Suppl. 1997;20:146–68.
4.Allergan Inc. Botox cosmetic: About safety. Available at http://www.allergan.com/responsibility/product_safety_and_animal_testing.htm. assessed on 5-8-2013
5.Sellin LC. The pharmacological mechanism of botulism. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1985;6:80–2.
6.Jankovic J, Brin MF. Botulinum toxin: Historical perspective and potential new indications. Muscle Nerve Suppl. 1997;20:129–45.
7.Odergren T, Hjaltason H, Kaakkola S, Solders G, Hanko J, Fehling C, et al. A double blind, randomised, parallel group study to investigate the dose equivalence of Dysport® and Botox® in the treatment of cervical dystonia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1998;64:6–12.
8.Hurkadle JK, Jatania A, Shanthraj R, Lakshmi B, Subbiah P, Linga S. Botox: Buy Me Beauty!. J Orofac Res 2012;2(3):160-164.
9.Ranoux D, Gury C, Fondarai J, Mas JL, Zuber M. Therapy with Botulinum Toxin. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2002;72: 459–62.
10.Bhogal PS, Hutton A, Monaghan A. Review of the current uses of Botox for dentally-related procedures. Dental Update April 2006; 33(3):165-168.
11.Benedetto AV. Asymmetrical smiles Corrected by botulinum toxin Serotype A. American Society for Dermatologic Surgery 2007;33 (sl):S32-S36.
12.Polo M. Botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of excessive gingival display. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2005; 127:214-18.
13.Katz H. Botulinum toxins in dentistry--the new paradigm for masticatory muscle hypertonicity. Singapore Dent J. 2005 Dec;27(1):7-12.
14.Huang WS et al. Surface anatomy of the lip elevator muscles for the treatment of gummy smile using botulinum toxin. Angle Orthod. 2009 Jan; 79(1):70-7.
15.Song PC et al. The emerging role of botulinum toxin in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders. Oral Diseases (2007) 13, 253–260.
16.Ludlow CL, Hallett M. Rhew K, et al. Therapeutic use of botulinum toxin. N Engl J Med. 1992; 26:349-350.
17.Benninger MS. Outcomes of Botulinum Toxin Treatment for Patients With Spasmodic Dysphonia. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2001; 127(9):1083-1085.
Copyright © 2014 Grover S, Malik V, Kaushik A, Diwakar R, Yadav P. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info.
Research article
Aruna Pancharia1,*, Vandana Yadav2, Charu Taneja3, Sunanda Chauhan4, Rupa Chauhan5 ,Vinod Gauttam6
Affiliation:-
1M.D. Scholar, Department of Pathology Geetanjali Medical College & Hospital, Udaipur (Raj.), India
2M.D. Scholar, Department of Pathology M. G. Institute of Medical Sciences Sewagram Wardha Maharashtra, India
3Assistant Prof. Department of Anatomy Geetanjali Medical College & Hospital, Udaipur (Raj.), India
4Assistant Prof. Department of Pathology Geetanjali 5Medical College & Hospital, Udaipur (Raj.), India
DCP, Department of Pathology Geetanjali Medical College & Hospital, Udaipur (Raj.), India
6Medical officer at Savina Khera PHC Udaipur, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1. Department of Pathology, Geetanjali Medical
College & Hospital, Udaipur (Raj.), India
2. Department of Pathology M. G. Institute of Medical
Sciences Sewagram Wardha Maharashtra, India
3. Departments of Anatomy Geetanjali Medical
College & Hospital, Udaipur (Raj.), India
4. Medical College & Hospital, Udaipur (Raj.), India
Authors contributions
All of the authors drafted, revised the article and approved the final version.
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr. Aruna Pancharia.
Department of Pathology Geetanjali Medical College & Hospital, Udaipur (Raj.), India
Abstract
Introduction: Lung cancer is one of the commonest malignant neoplasm all over the world. lt accounts for more cancer deaths in both men and women worldwide than any other cancer and is increasingly being recognized in India. Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death in western countries and In India also, lung cancer is most common in males in all urban registries. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy has an excellent result in diagnosis of lung cancer when combined with brushing cytology & biopsy.
Method: A total of 58 cancer positive biopsies were included in this study on whom bronchoscopy was performed specimens were collected over the period of 2 year. Bronchial brushing, biopsy specimens were collected & processed accordingly.
Results: Out of 58 malignant cases, the most common was the squamous cell carcinoma (58.62%), followed by adenocarcinoma (18.96%), small cell carcinoma (12.06%), miscellaneous (8.62%) & large cell carcinoma (1.72%). There were 53 male & 5 female with male to female ratio 10.6. The average age of the cases ranged from 21 years to 86 years, the average age being 59 years. Thus, cytohistological correlation was done in 58 malignant cases.
Conclusion: Bronchial biopsy has better detection rate than brushing cytology in this study. Bronchial brushing cytology is an inexpensive, less invasive, quick and effective diagnostic tool in detection of lung cancer. However combination of these modalities gives higher detection rate for bronchoscopically visible tumor. Therefore, bronchial brush cytology should be performed whenever possible in all suspected cases of lung cancer.
Keywords: Bronchial brushing cytology; bronchial biopsy; lung cancer.
REFERENCES
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Article citation:
Pancharia A, Yadav V, Taneja C, Chauhan S, Chauhan R, Gauttam V. A study of correlation of bronchial brushing cytology with bronchial biopsy in diagnosis of lung cancer. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(06):492-496. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Copyright © 2014 Pancharia A, Yadav V, Taneja C, Chauhan S, Chauhan R, Gauttam V. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Research article
Bahattin Isik.,MD1, M. Evvah Karakilic., MD2, M. Serkan Yilmaz., MD2, Cemil Kavalci., MD3,*,
Bahadir Danisman.,MD4, Ural Kaya., MD5, Yasin Öztürk.,MD6, Gulsum Kavalci., MD7,
Burak Demirci., MD2
Affiliation:-
1Kecioren Training and Research Hospital, Emergency Department, Ankara/Turkey
2Numune Training and Research Hospital, Emergency Department, Ankara/Turkey
3Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Emergency Department, Ankara/Turkey
4Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Emergency Department, Istanbul/Turkey
5Bulent Ecevit University Faculty of Medicine, Emergency Department, Zonguldak/Turkey
6Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Biochemistry Department, Ankara/Turkey
7Yenimahalle State Hospital, Anesthesia Department, Ankara/Turkey
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Kecioren Training and Research Hospital, Emergency Department, Ankara/Turkey
2.Numune Training and Research Hospital, Emergency Department, Ankara/Turkey
3.Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Emergency Department, Ankara/Turkey
4.Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Emergency Department, Istanbul/Turkey
5.Bulent Ecevit University Faculty of Medicine, Emergency Department, Zonguldak/Turkey
6.Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Biochemistry Department, Ankara/Turkey
7.Yenimahalle State Hospital, Anesthesia Department, Ankara/Turkey
Address reprint requests to
Kavalci Cemil, Asoc.Prof.Dr
Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Emergency Department, Bahcelievler/ Ankara/ Turkey
Phone:+90 312 212 6868
Fax;+90 312 223 643
J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(06):545-551.
Article citation:
Isik B, Karakilic ME, Yilmaz SE, Kavalci C, Danisman B, Kaya U. et al.. Association between the serum lactate level and the clinical symptoms in carbon monoxide poisoning. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(06):545-551. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Carbon monoxide poisoning is one of the most common poisonings worldwide. In this study, the relationship between the clinical symptoms of the patients and the blood carboxyhemoglobin and lactate levels was investigated. The complaints, clinical findings, cause of CO poisoning, level of COHb and lactate levels, and blood troponin level of 250 patients who had been admitted to the emergency department due to carbon monoxide poisoning were retrospectively analyzed. The most common complaint on admission was headache. Admissions were more frequent at night and in the morning. The most common cause of poisoning was stove (59.6%), followed by natural gas poisoning (34.8%). There was a positive and moderate correlation between the blood COHb level and the lactate level. The blood COHb and lactate levels were higher in patients with cardiac ischemia. 19.4% of the patients, who had the indication for hyperbaric oxygen(HBO) therapy, received this treatment. Serum lactate level rise with COHb levels in CO intoxications. Also it is associated with cardiologic effects like tachycardia, rise in Troponin I level. Additionally, lactate levels were higher in patients with neourologic symptoms. HBO therapy usage is less than required, so we have to send patients to HBO therapy in case of indication.
KEYWORDS: Carbon monoxide; poisoning; lactate; clinical condition.
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Abbreviations: Co: Carbon monoxide, CoHb: Carboxyhemoglobin, pCO2: Partial carbon dioxide; HBO: Hyperbaric oxygen.
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All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
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Copyright © 2014 Isik B, Karakilic ME, Yilmaz SE, Kavalci C, Danisman B, Kaya U. et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited