DocumentsDate added
Review article
Deepak Viswanath1,*, Anindita Sarma2
Affiliation:
1*Professor and Head,2Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Int. Airport Road, Hunasamaranahalli, Bangalore, India-562 157
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Int. Airport Road, Hunasamaranahalli, Bangalore, India-562 157.
Address reprint requests to
Dr.Deepak Viswanath,
Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences ,Int. Airport Road, Hunasamaranahalli, Bangalore, India- 562 157
Article citation: Viswanath D, Sarma A. Informed Consent in Pediatric Dentistry: Ethics and Pitfalls- A Review. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(10):834-838. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Informed consent is a leading topic of interest in health care field. This paper aims at all the pros and cons of informed consent in dentistry with special attention to the pediatric sector. The communication by medical and dental practitioners has to be legitimate as the patient’s right to know constitutes the basis of modern medical ethics. It is important for every dentist to know and learn about informed consent not only on medico-legal grounds but also to build trust with the patients.
KEYWORDS: Battery; Behaviour management; Bolam Test; Informed Consent; Pediatric informed consent.
Source of support: None
REFERENCES
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7.Guideline on Informed Consent, American Academy Of Pediatric Dentistry,2009.
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9. Sridharan, Gokul. Informed consent in clinical dentistry and biomedical research. Journal of Education and Ethics in Dentistry.2012;2(2):65.
10.Furrow BR, Johnson SH, Jost TS, Schwartz RL: Health Law; Cases, Materials and Problems, 2nd ed. St Paul: West Publishing Co, 1991, p322.
11.Keith D. Allen, PhD Eric D. Hodges, DDS Sharon K. Knudsen, MS Comparing our methods to inform parents about child behavior management: how to inform for consent Pediatric Dentistry. 1995;17(3):180-187.
12.Weithorn LA, Campbell SB The competency of children and adolescents to make informed treatment decisions. child Dev. 1982 Dec;53(6):1589-98.
13.Paul S. Appelbaum, M.D. Assessment of Patients’ Competence to Consent to Treatment N Engl J Med 2007;357:1834-40.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Viswanath D, Sarma A. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article
Deepak Viswanath1,*,Madhumita Naithani2
Affiliation:-
1*Professor and Head,2Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Int. Airport Road, Hunasamaranahalli, Bangalore, India-562 157
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Int. Airport Road, Hunasamaranahalli, Bangalore, India-562 157.
Address reprint requests to
Dr.Deepak Viswanath,
Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences ,Int. Airport Road, Hunasamaranahalli, Bangalore, India- 562 157
Article citation: Viswanath D, Naithani M. Evaluation of Night eating questionnaire (NEQ) used in residential and non residential school going adolescent population from Bangalore north: A comparative study. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(10):904-909. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: Night Eating Syndrome was first described in 1955 by Stunkard as an eating disorder that is characterised by morning anorexia, evening or nocturnal hyperphagia in a fully conscious state, and insomnia. Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) is an instrument designed to assess the severity of symptoms and to assist in identifying patient with Night Eating Syndrome.
Aims: The aim of our study was to decipher the prevalence of night eating syndrome using the night eating questionnaire in two subset population namely adolescents living at home and those living in hostel accommodation.
Settings and Design: The study was conducted in various day boarding and residential schools in Bangalore North.
Materials and Methods: 1235 adolescents in grades 6-10 were recruited for the study who were given the Night Eating Questionnaire to be filled up in front of the researcher. Additionally body weight and height were measured later for calculation of Body Mass Index for each subject.
Results: The Night Eating Syndrome was seen to be present in Indian adolescent population. Furthermore NES was observed to be more severe in residential population as compared to non residential population.
Conclusion: This representative cross sectional survey demonstrated the prevalence and severity of abnormal eating patterns in Indian adolescent population.
KEYWORDS: Adolescents; Eating Disorders; Night eating Syndrome; Obesity.
REFERENCES
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6.Jennifer D. Lundgren et al. Prevalence of the Night Eating Syndrome in a Psychiatric Population. Am J Psychiatry. 2006;163:156-8.
7.Stunkard AJ, Grace WJ, Wolf HG. The night-eating syndrome.Am J Med 1955; 19:78–86.
8.O’Reardon JP, Ringel BL, Dinges DF, Allison KC, Rogers NS, Martino NS, Stunkard AJ. Circadian eating and sleeping patterns in the night eating syndrome.Obes Res 2004; 12:1789–1796.
9.Sharon H. Thompson. An Exploratory Study of the Relationship between Night Eating Syndrome and Depression Among College Students. Journal of College Student Psychotherapy.2010;24:39–48.
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11.Striegel-Moore, R.H., Franko,D.L.,Garcia j. Validity and clinical utility of night eating syndrome. International Journal of Eating Disorders. 2009;42:720-38.
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13.Striegel-Moore Rh, Dohm FA, Hook JM, Schreiber GB, Crawford PB, Daniel SR. Night eating syndrome in young adult women: prevalence and correlates.International Journal of Eating Disorders. 2005;37:200-206.
14.Rand CS, Mc Gregor AMC, StunkardAj. The night eating syndrome in the general population and among post operative obesity surgery patients.International Journal of Eating Disorders.1997;22:65-9.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Viswanath D, Naithani M. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Kranthi Kumar G1,*, Tripura Lakshmi J2, Bindu Garg3, Ashish Goel3
Affiliation:-
1Demonstrator, 3Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, U.P., India
2Demonstrator, Department of Physiology, Rohilkhand Medical College & Hospital, Bareilly, U.P.,India
4Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Shri Dev Suman Subharti Medical College, Dehradun, UP.,India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Physiology, Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, U.P., India
2.Department of Physiology, Rohilkhand Medical College & Hospital, Bareilly, U.P., India
3.Departmtent of Physiology, Shri Dev Suman Subharti Medical College, Dehradun, U.K., India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Kranthi Kumar Garikapati.
Department of Physiology, SRMS IMS, Bareilly, U.P, India
Article citation: Garikapati KK, Lakshmi T, Garg B, Goel A. Study of mean cardiac axis of electrocardiogram on young Adults. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(10):887-893. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Obesity is a condition with excess of body fat in an individual. As per WHO data in 2005 there were about 400 million obese adults worldwide. Obesity is a most important predisposing factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Determination of mean cardiac axis (MCA) assisted in the diagnosis of early changes in the cardiovascular system. Obese people tend to have high resting heart rate, high blood pressure and leftward shift of the mean cardiac axis.
Aims: The present study was aimed to describe the impact of obesity on blood pressure and mean cardiac axis in healthy young adult individuals.
Materials and Methods: The study included 71 young adult individuals with age between 18-30 years. These were divided into 5 categories as per WHO classification of body mass index (BMI). Anthropometric parameters, pulse and blood pressure were recorded. MCA was determined from the standard bipolar limb lead electrocardiogram.
Statistical analysis: Using Microsoft Excel 10 data was analyzed. Values were depicted as mean ± SD & Pearson correlation was performed.
Results: It was noted that body surface area (BSA), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), systolic & diastolic blood pressure (SBP & DBP) increased with increment in BMI. It was also noted that MCA showed a leftward shift when normal BMI subjects were compared with obese subjects, though it was still within the normal range. BMI, BSA and WC had a significant negative correlation with mean cardiac axis.
Conclusion: Obesity based on BMI and WC adversely affects the blood pressure and mean cardiac axis.
KEYWORDS: Obesity; Mean cardiac axis; Electrocardiogram; Body mass index; Waist circumference.
REFERENCES
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2.Sung JK, Kim JY. Obesity and Preclinical Changes of Cardiac Geometry and Function. Korean Circ J 2010; 40:55-61.
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12.WHO Expert Consultation. Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet. 2004; 363: 157–63.
13.Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kuczmarski RJ et al. Overweight and Obesity in the United States: Prevalence and trends; Int J Obese related metabolic disorders, 1998;22:39-47.
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15.Garg B, Yadav N, Vardhan H, DE AK. Asymptomatic Obese Hypertensives and Need of Routine Echocardiography for Left Ventricular Mass Assessment and Treatment. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2013;7(8): 1599-1603.
16.Tumuklu MM, Etikan I, Kisacik B, et al. Effect of obesity on left ventricular structure and myocardial systolic function: assessment by tissue Doppler imaging and strain/ strain rate imaging. Echocardiography 2007; 24:802-9.
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24.Sun GZ, Li Y, Zhou HX, Zuo XF, Zhang XG, Zheng LQ et al. Association between obesity and ECG variables in children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 2013; 6: 1455-1462.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest:
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Garikapati KK, Lakshmi T,Garg B, Goel A. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
MrwaYousif Hassan1,*.,Wafa Ibrahim Alhag2
Affiliation:-
1MSc. Student, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences-AL-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
2Assistant professor, Microbiology department, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences-AL-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences-AL-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
Author’s contributions:
Study idea, design, practical, analysis, writing of manuscript and editing all by author 1 and the supervision of the research and correction and revising of paper by author 2.
Core tip:
Laboratory technologists are one of the health workers at risk for hepatitis infections. Some of the risk factors associated with HBV infection include duration of service, needle sticks, and exposure to equipment contamination of infected patients. In fact, HCV infection through dialysis units has increased worldwide.
Address reprint requests to
MrwaYousif Hassan.
MSc. Student, Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences-AL-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
Article citation:
Hassan MY., Alhag WI. Sero frequency of Hepatitis C Infection among Laboratory Technologists in Khartoum City, Sudan. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(10):876-879. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the sero frequency of the hepatitis C virus (HCV)IgG antibodies, among laboratory technologists in Khartoum city, Sudan during April2014.
Materials & methods: A total of ninety laboratory technologists, were enrolled in this study. Blood specimens were collected and examined by ELISA technique for the detection of HCV antibodies (fourth generation).
Results: HCVAb was not detected in all samples (0%). The mean age of the individuals (n = 90) was 34.9 ± 7.8 years. There were 49 men (54%) and 40 women (44%).
Conclusion: There is no sero positivity of HCV among the studied population, but still education for risk behaviors, safety practice and GLP along with screening, and appropriate management for hepatitis is strongly recommended to control this persistent infectious source of hepatitis C in the community.
KEYWORDS: Sero frequency-HCV; IgG; laboratory technologists; ELISA technique.
REFERENCES
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3.Khan S, Attaullah S, Ayaz S, Khan S Niaz, Shams S, Ali I, et al. Molecular epidemiology of HCV among health care workers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Virol J. 2011;8:105–9.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info
Copyright © 2014 Hassan MY.,Alhag WI. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Case report
Debadulal Biswal1,*.MD.,Suresh H Advani2. MD, DM.,Manisa Sahu3. MD,DNB.,Praveen Mahajan4 MD
Affiliation:-
1*DNB-SS Med oncology registrar, 2Senior Consultant, Medical Oncology, 3Consultant Microbiologist, 4Pathologist, Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, S L Raheja Hospital (A Fortis Associate) Mahim (W), Mumbai, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, S L Raheja Hospital (A Fortis Associate) Mahim (W), Mumbai, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr.Debadulal Biswal.
At 13/1, Sagar Co-op Hsg society, Near S L Raheja Hospital, Mahim(w) Mumbai-16
Criteria for inclusion in the authors'/ contributors' list: SHA, DB involved in patient care, DB helped in searching literature, and compiling the clinical details of the patient, MS and PM prepared and edited the manuscript and helped in the diagnostic work up. SHA, DB, MS PM all reviewed the manuscript before final submission.
Article citation:
Biswal D, Advani SH, Sahu M, Mahajan P. Second primary Hodgkin’s lymphoma following Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma – A rare case. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(10):852-855. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background
Non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is a subgroup of haematolymphoproliferative disorder (HLPD). A paucity of information is available on the incidence of secondary /second primary Hodgkin’s disease in different types of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. We present a case of classical Hodgkin’s disease (HD) in a treated case of splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL).
Case Presentation:
A 62 year male with low normal platelet counts for several years presented with gradual heaviness in left hypochondrium. Abdominal ultra sound showed splenomegaly. He underwent splenectomy and histopathology confirmed it as splenic marginal zone lymphoma. There was no bone marrow involvement. He was kept under observation and follow up. On follow up examination 6 years later he was diagnosed with a classical Hodgkin’s disease; Reed–Sternberg cells (RS cells) positive for CD30 & CD15 and negative for LCA, CD20, CD3, CK & EMA and currently on chemotherapy for HD.
Conclusion: SMZL is a rare but distinctive and well-defined low-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Few studies have published on secondary primary cancers (SPC) in patients with SMZL. There is a high frequency of Solid second monitored during the follow-up, but development of HD is probably the rarest. In our view SMZL patients, possibly are at risk of HD and should be carefully investigated on diagnosis and in NHL especially SMZL;
Key words:
KEYWORDS: SMZL; splenic marginal zone lymphoma; Hodgkin’s disease (HD); Reed–Sternberg cells (RS cells).
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16.Harada S, Kalla H, Balasubramanian M, Brodsky I, Gladstone D, Hou JS. Classical Hodgkin lymphoma concurrently evolving in a patient with marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the spleen. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2008 Jun;12(3):212-6.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Biswal D, Advani SH, Sahu M, Mahajan P. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
Source of support: None