DocumentsDate added
Research article
Surinder Kumar1, Baljinder Singh2,*, Varsha A singh3, Ovais Karnain Wadoo4, Yogesh5
Affiliation:-
1Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, BPS GMC for women Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, India 2Associate Professor, Department Physiology, M.M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
3Professor, Department of Microbiology, M.M.Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, India
4Resident, Department of Physiology, M.M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
5Demonstrator,Department Of Physiology, BPS GMC for women Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Microbiology, BPS GMC for women Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, India
2.Department Physiology,M.M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
3.Department Of Physiology, BPS GMC for women Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr Baljinder Singh.
Department Physiology, M.M.Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India - 133207
Article citation:
Kumar S, Singh B, Singh VA, Wadoo OK, Yogesh. Prevalence of Giardia lamblia in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms in rural tertiary care hospital in Haryana. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(11):946-949. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
An intestinal parasitic infestation is a major public health problem. Prospective study was carried out to know the prevalence of Giardia lamblia in patients of gastrointestinal symptoms at MM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Mullana, Ambala. A total of 656 stool samples of HIV negative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms from OPD and wards were included in this study. Samples were examined for parasites by saline wet mount, Iodine mount and after concentration. Out of 656 stool specimens Giardia lamblia isolated in 6.7% cases. The Giardia lamblia was more prevalent in younger age group with statistically significant in < 15 years of age (p<0.05). Prevalence was also more in males as compared to females but it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The seasonal variation of Giardia was also seen with more prevalence in hot and moist season being water borne disease .Hence; there is need of awareness among the people for taking safe drinking water.
KEYWORDS: Giardia; Gastrointestinal; water borne disease
Source of support: None
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Kumar S, Singh B, Singh VA, Wadoo OK, Yogesh. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Case report
Cemil Kavalci1,*, Meliha Findik1, Elif Kilicli1, Gulsum Kavalci2, Polat Durukan3
Affiliation:-
1Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Emergency Department, Ankara, Turkey
2Yenimalle State Hospital, Anesthesia Department, Ankara, Turkey
3Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Emergency Department, Kayseri, Turkey
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Emergency Department, Ankara, Turkey
2.Yenimalle State Hospital, Anesthesia Department, Ankara, Turkey
3.Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Emergency Department, Kayseri, Turkey
Address reprint requests to
Cemil Kavalci,
Associate Professor,
Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Emergency Department, 06370 Ankara, Turkey
Article citation: Kavalci C , Findik M, Kilicli E, Kavalci G, Durukan P. Intravesical foreign body: Silicone. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(11):941-942. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Intravesical foreign bodies are rarely seen. Forty-two year old male patient was admitted to the emergency room with complaints of inability to urinate for one day. Tubular foreign body in the bladder was detected on ultrasonography. About 30 cm long and 20 French thick silicone foreign body was removed from the bladder by cystoscopy.
KEYWORDS: Emergency; bladder; foreign body.
REFERENCES
1. Bello JO, Badmus KO, Babata AL, Bello HS. Polyembolokoilamania: Self-insertion of transistor radio antenna in male urethra. Niger Med J. 2013;54:206-8. doi: 10.4103/0300-1652.114578.
2. Datta B, Ghosh M, Biswas S. Foreign Bodies in Urinary Bladders. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2011;22:302-5,
3. Fikri O, Ozkan A, Kurtuluş OF, Bahadır M, Balcı C, Hazar Aİ, Nuhoglu B. Foreign Body in Bladder of a Patient with Urethral Stenosis: A Case Report. JAREM 2012;2:82-84.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This study presented on 1. İntercontinental Emergency Medicine Congress, 15-18 May 2014, Turkey.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © Kavalci C, Findik M, Kilicli E, Kavalci C, Durukan P. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Gulati Deepti1* and Goyal Pallavi2
Affiliation:-
1Senior Lecturer, 2Graduate, Department of Biotechnology, Dolphin (PG) Institute of Biomedical & Natural Sciences, Dehra Dun-248007, Uttarakhand, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Biotechnology, Dolphin (PG) Institute of Biomedical & Natural Sciences, Dehra Dun-248007, Uttarakhand, India
Address reprint requests to
Deepti Gulati,
House No. 5/12/3, Prem Nagar, Dehra Dun, Uttarakhand-248007,India
Article citation: Gulati D, Goyal P. Identification and multiple drug resistance of bacteria Isolated from soil samples collected from pharmaceutical industrial Area. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(11):984-994. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
The present study was aimed to determine Multiple-Drug Resistance among the isolated bacterial populations. The antibiotic sensitivity test was performed against 8 different antibiotics for the 16 bacterial strains isolated from Industrial area, Selaqui, Dehra Dun. All the strains were identified by Gram staining and Biochemical tests. They included; Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp., Klebsiella sp., Proteus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp. and Enterococcus sp. The antibiotics used in the study were Penicillin (10μg), Neomycin (30μg), Cefotaxime (10μg), Rifampicin (2μg), Streptomycin(10μg), Cotrimoxazole(25μg),Amoxicillin(10μg) and Ciprofloxacin (10μg). Most of the isolates were found to be resistant to Rifampicin and Penicillin. 62.5% of the isolates were found to be resistant to Rifampicin, 56.25% to Penicillin, 12.5% to Neomycin, 12.5% to Cotrimoxazole, 6.25% to Streptomycin, 6.25% to Amoxycillin and 6.25% to Ciprofloxacin. None of the isolates was found to be resistant to Cefotaxime. The results of the study showed Rifampicin to be the least effective medicine and Cefotaxime to be the most effective medicine.
KEYWORDS: Antibiotic sensitivity; Multiple-drug resistance; Pharmaceutical effluent.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
REFERENCES
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4.Stix G . An antibiotic resistance fighter. Sci. Am. 2006;294(4): 80–3.
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6.DebMandal Manisha, Mandal Shyamapada and Kumar Pal Nishith. Antibiotic resistance prevalence and pattern in environmental bacterial isolates. The open antimicrobial agents’ journal.2011; 3:45-52.
7.Amit Pandey, Afsheen, Firdous Ara, Sudeep Kumar Tiwari. Isolation and characterization of multi drug resistance cultures from waste water. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci). 2011:13(14). Accessed from www.jpbms.info
8.Sahaab Farooq, Ifra Ghori and Faiqa Abdur Rub (2013). “Identification and multiple drug resistance of bacteria, isolated from pharmaceutical industrial effluent (Islamabad, Pakistan)”. Int J Curr Sci. 2013;6:E 125-132.
9.Chaturvedi Sonal, Chandra Ram and Rai Vibhuti (2008). “Multiple antibiotic resistance patterns of rhizospheric bacteria isolated from Phragmites australis growing in constructed wetland for distillery effluent treatment”. J. Environ. Biol.2008;29(1):117 124.
Copyright © Gulati D,Goyal P. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Vijay Mahantesh Sunkad1,*, Vijaya Mahanth Prasad.K2, Chethana. KV3
Affiliation:-
1,2Senior Resident, Department of Orthopedics,3Post Graduate, Department of Community Medicine, Navodaya Medical College Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka,India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Navodaya Medical College Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka,India
Address reprint requests to
Dr.Vijay Mahantesh Sunkad
Senior Resident, Department of Orthopedics, Navodaya Medical College Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India
Article citation: Sunkad VM,Prasad VM,Chethana KV. Functional outcome of tibial plateau fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(11):959-966. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: Tremendous advance in mechanization and the fastness of travel has been accompanied by a steep increase in the number and severity of fractures and those of tibial plateau are no exception. This study is to analyze the functional outcome of CRIF or ORIF with or without bone grafting in tibial plateau fractures in adults.
Methods: 30 Cases of tibial plateau fractures treated by various modalities were studied from 10-05-2011 to 30-05-2012 at our hospital and followed for a minimum of 6 months.
Results: Immobilization of fractures continued for 3 weeks by POP slab. Early range of motion was then started. Weight bearing up to 6-8 weeks was not allowed. The full weight bearing deferred until 12 weeks or complete fracture union. The knee range of motion was excellent to very good, gait and weight bearing after the complete union was satisfactory, knee stiffness in 3 cases, wound dehiscence and infection in 1 case and non-union in none of our cases was noted.
Conclusion: Functional outcome is better in operatively treated tibial plateau fractures in adults, because it gives an excellent anatomical reduction and rigid fixation to restore articular congruity and early motion thereby preventing knee stiffness.
KEYWORDS: Tibial plateau fractures; Schatzkar classification; Open reduction and internal fixation; closed reduction and internal fixation.
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Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © Sunkad VM, Prasad VM, Chethana KV. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
Original article
Hamza Abdalla Mohammed*, Isam M Elkhidir
Affiliation:-
AL Neelain University, Faculty of Post Graduate, Khartoum, Sudan
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
AL Neelain University, Faculty of Post Graduate, Khartoum, Sudan
Address reprint requests to
Dr.HG Hamza
AL Neelain University, Faculty of Post Graduate, Khartoum, Sudan
Article citation:
Mohammed HA, Elkhidir IM. Estimating incidence of HIV among adults visiting a Voluntary counseling and testing centers at Khartoum state, Sudan. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(11):950-956. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: Accurate and reliable laboratory methods are needed for the estimation of HIV-1 incidence to identify the high-risk populations and target and monitor prevention efforts. BED-EIA HIV-1 Incidence Test (BED-CEIA) and limiting Ag avidity has been described as a tool to discriminate recent (RS) from long-term seroconversion (LTS) of HIV-1 infection, contributing to a better understanding of the dynamics of the HIV/AIDS epidemic over time. This study determined the, estimation of HIV incidence infection among individuals seeking testing in Voluntary Counselling and Testing centers (VCTs) in Khartoum STATE –Sudan.
Methods: The detection of recent infections was performed on confirmed HIV-positive samples, using the BED capture enzyme immunoassay for 376 individuals, were under inclusion criteria of research according to the age (15-25 years) tested positive among 5862 with the defined algorithm and verified by determining rapid test and then confirmed with fourth generation ELISA and Determine by Combo rapid test. Those identified as HIV positive were further assessed for recent infection. Volunteers screened from November/2011 to October /2012 in VCTs located in Khartoum, Sudan. BED-CEIA and avidity protocol was performed to identify RS. 10 samples from RS were selected for genomic sequencing.
The results: Overall HIV-1 prevalence of recent infection was 6.4%(376/55862). Eighty four of 376 seropositive individuals were classified as RS, corresponding to an incidence rate of 3.4%/year.
Conclusion: The HIV incidence estimation reflects the underlying transmission dynamics that are currently at work in Sudan and a practical way of tracking HIV incidence and is a useful tool in targeting and evaluating the impact of prevention programs. Our analysis reveals a new phase of the HIV epidemic in Sudan support the need for intensified prevention interventions among middle-aged persons in Sudan.
KEYWORDS: Infections; HIV incidence; Seroconversion.
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Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Mohammed HA, Elkhidir IM. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.