DocumentsDate added
Original article:
FENG Xiaofei1,†, LI Linlin2,†, LUO Rui1, HE Ying1, LIANG Wenli1, XU Zhenxia1, ZHAO Wen1,NI Peihong3, LI Sha1,*
Affiliation:
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy,Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
2 The Fourth People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou 423000, Hunan, China
3Guangzhou Toplink Gene Bio-Engineering Co. Ltd., Guangzhou 510000, China
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy,Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
2.The Fourth People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou 423000, Hunan, China
3.Guangzhou Toplink Gene Bio-Engineering Co. Ltd.,Guangzhou 510000, China
Authors contributions: Both FENG Xiaofei and LI Linlin contributed equally to this work.
Address reprint requests to
LI Sha.
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
Article citation: Feng X, LI L, Luo R, HE Y, Liang W,Xu Z, et al. Preparation and drug release behavior of Diclofenac Sodium hydrophilic matrix tablets. J Pharm Biomed Sci.2015; 05(04):365-371. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT: Objectives: Diclofenac sodium, an arthritis drug of wide clinic use, shows good solubility, quick absorption and short half life, and is susceptible to generate high blood concentration fluctuation. In order to improve the weakness, hydrophilic matrix tablets of DS were prepared by using hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) as matrix material. The tablets were prepared by direct compression, and the polymer sort and proportion, the amount of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), and the hardness of tablets were screened to optimize the formulation and process. The results showed that the ratio of matrix material to drug was the chief factor influencing the release behavior of DS from hydrophilic matrix tablets. With the decrease of matrix material, the drug release became faster and more complete.
The addition of MCC changed the release of DS to some extent, especially reducing the burst release within 2 h. The influence of pressure was not so much great that distinct difference in drug release was only observed when the pressure was too high to be 11.5 kg. The optimal matrix tablets of DS showed no apparent burst release, and less than 30% of drug was released at 2 h. The drug continuously released slowly to an accumulative release of 94.3% at 12 h. The Higuchi equation and Ritger-Peppas equation fitted the drug release data well, which indicated a typical sustained release of DS controlled by both diffusion and erosion.
KEYWORDS: Diclofenac Sodium; Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose; Hydrophilic matrix tablet; Sustained release.
Research article
Ser Yee Goh1,*, Tan Bee Siew1, ±, Thomas Mathew1, ¥
Affiliation:
1,*Graduate, 1,±Head of Division, Children’s and Community Oral Health,1,¥Lecturer Orthodontics, School Of Dentistry, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, JalanJalil Perkasa, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 57000
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, JalanJalil Perkasa, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 57000
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Thomas Mathew
Lecturer Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, JalanJalil Perkasa, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 57000
Article citation:
Goh SY, Tan BS, Mathew T. Perception of pain for different orthodontic elastomeric separators. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(04):332-337. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT:
To evaluate self-perception of pain for elastomeric separators at various time intervals. Ten patients who required fixed orthodontic treatment participated the study with Duraseps™ and Ring separators inserted for two days on the inter-proximal surfaces of upper first permanent molar on both sides. Questionnaire was used before, upon insertion and upon removal of the separator to register the pain perceptions at chewing and rest using a ten point scale and questions about impact of pain on daily routines. The mean scores revealed no significant differences between both separators at chewing or rest during baseline, upon insertion and during removal (p>0.05). The mean pain scores on the second day were higher in chewing than resting for both Duraseps™ (p=0.012) and Ring (p=0.026). ( Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ). Among daily routines, none of the respondents was affected of leisure activities and work. One respondent was affected in sleep and one had taken analgesic to relieve pain. Four respondents had changed their diet to soft food. Both separators cause no statistically significant difference in pain experience throughout the period of separators placements. Patients should be advised to take soft diet to avoid unnecessary pain during the separation period.
KEYWORDS: Elastomers; Pain; Separators.
REFERENCES
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Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: International Medical university , Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
The case was taken after the due consent of patient’s mother.
Copyright © 2015 Goh SY, Tan BS, Mathew T. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Ekine Atombosoba A1,*,West Obaabo2,Adhuze Judit I1
Affiliation:
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital Okolobiri, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
2Department of Radiology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital Okolobiri, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
2.Department of Radiology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Address reprint requests to
* Dr. Ekine Atombosoba A.
3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital Okolobiri, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Article citation:
Atombosoba AE, Obaabo W, Judit AI. Patients Attitude towards Antenatal care and Factors Determining it’s Uptake in a Rural Communities in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(04):344-350. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT:
Background: The successes of modern obstetrics practice could not have been achieved without a well-cultured and planned antenatal care. These achievements could be noticed in the developed countries where properly organized antenatal surveillances are priorities for both government and the populace, which has remarkably improved fetomaternal outcome. The aim of this study is to evaluate factors contributing to late booking and hindrances to ANC in rural Nigeria. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with the aid of a structured questionnaire and a sample size of 190 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in the Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital, Okolobiri. Result. A total of 190 pregnant women enrolled at booking, average age was 29.67±4.8 years, average gestational age was 31±6.2 weeks, 28.41% have pensionable jobs, while 12.63% were housewives, and 58.23% had previous delivery at TBA. 63.68% had previous ANC attendance, while 49.37% have delivered at least once in a government hospital. 53.68% had abdominal massage and fear of surgery caused 23.4% to choose TBA in earlier pregnancies. Socio-cultural values and cost also affected decisions 12.03% and 10.76% respectively, 9.80% found abdominal massage useful, while 61.05% would like to book in antenatal, if free. Conclusion: Antenatal booking is still low, despite many public enlightenment campaign programs, due to ignorance and misconception about pregnancy. It is therefore necessary to revisit the currently adopted pattern of health education in the much affected population with more rigorous awareness propaganda about the need for early booking, which may bring improvement of the present state..
KEYWORDS: TBA; socio-cultural value; cost; fear; Socio-demography.
Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
REFERENCES
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8.UNDP/UNFPA/WHO/World Bank special programme of Research development and Research training in Human Reproduction. Geneva: Department of Reproductive Health and Research, Family and Community Health, World Health Organisation; 2002. WHO Antenatal care randomized trial: Manual for implementation of the new model. Available from: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2001/WHO_RHR_01.30.pdf.
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19.Gharoro EP, Igbafe AA. Antenatal care: some characteristics of the booking visit in a major Teaching hospital in the developing world. Med Sci Monit. 2000; 6(3):519–522.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © 2015 Atombosoba AE, Obaabo W, Judit AI. This is an open access article under the CCBY-NC-SA license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/). which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article
Venkata N Kakaraparthi1*, Khalid Alahmari2*, Irshad Ahmed1,*, Jaya S Tedla2*
Affiliation:
1,*Lecturer,2,*Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Khalid Alahmari.
Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
ABSTRACT: Q-angle is considered an important factor in the development of a variety of soft tissue conditions. An abnormal high or low Q-angle has been repeatedly cited as predisposing to anterior knee pain syndrome common among young active individuals.The objective of this study is to assess the normal Q- angle values in asymptomatic young adultsin Abha, Asser region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The methodology adopted for this study, One hundred (100) male subjects, age range (18-25) years participated in the study. The Q-angle of the subjects was measured in the supine lying position with quadriceps relaxed, with knees extended by using a universal goniometer. The results showed the average Mean Q angle and S.D for 100 subjects who participated in the study was 13 ± 2.16. This study also assessed the correlation between Age and Q angle. The study concluded that the normal Q-angle values vary between different ethnic groups. Therefore, it is recommended that Q-angle assessment should be an essential component of the physiotherapy management of knee joint pathology
KEYWORDS: Q angle; Asymptomatic youngmale adults; Gender.
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ARTICLE CITATION
N Kakaraparthi V, Alahmari K, Ahmad I, Tedla J. S. Assessment of dentists’ knowledge versus their practices towards treating dental caries. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(04):272-275. Available at www.jpbms.info
Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © N Kakaraparthi V, Alahmari K, Ahmad I, Tedla JS. This is an open access article under the CCBY-NC-SA license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/). which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Yanka Karamalakova1,*, Krishna Chuttani2, Rakesh K. Sharma3, Veselina Gadjeva4, Antoaneta Zheleva5 and Anil K. Mishra6
Affiliation:
1. Assistant professor*; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
2. Assistant professor; Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences,Brig. S.K Mazumdar Marg, Delhi-110054, India
3. Professor; Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig S. K. Mazumdar Marg, Delhi-110054, India
4.Professor; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
5. Professor; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
6.Professor; Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences,Brig. S.K Mazumdar Marg, Delhi-110054, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
2. Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S.K Mazumdar Marg,Delhi-110054, India
Address reprint requests to
Yanka Karamalakova
Scientist and Assistant Professor, Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Str Armaiska 11, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora- 6000, BULGARIA
Article citation:
Karamalakova Y, Chuttani K, Sharma R, Gadjeva V, Gadjeva A, Mishra A. Nitroxyl-Labeled Glycine Containing 2-Chlorethylnitrosourea: A study of 99mTc-Radiolabeling, EPR spectroscopy and biological evaluation of new potential anticancer agent for tumor imaging and radiotherapy. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(04):317-327. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT:
Recently, a new class of in vitro and ex vivo radiotracers/radioprotectors, the nitroxyl–labeled agent N-[N'-(2-chloroethyl)-N’-nitrosocarbamoyl-glycine amide of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-aminopiperidine-1-oxyl (SLCNUgly), has been discovered. Our previous investigations demonstrated that SLCNUgly is a low-molecular-weight stable free radical which is freely membrane permeable, easily crosses the blood brain barrier and exhibited in/ex vivo the lowest general toxicity and higher anticancer activity against some experimental tumor models. Further investigation was aimed to develop a 99mTc-labeled SLCNUgly (96.5%) as a chelator and evaluate its labeling efficiency and potential use as a tumor seeking agent and for early diagnosis. Tissue biodistribution of 99mTc- SLCNUgly was determined in normal mice at 1, 2, and 24 h (n=4/ time interval, route of administration i.v.). The distribution data was compared to that using male albino non-inbred mice and EPR investigation. The imaging characteristics of 99mTc– SLCNUgly conjugate examined in Balb/c mice grafted with Ehrlich Ascitis tumor in the thigh of hind leg demonstrated major accumulation of the radiotracer in organs and tumor. Planar images and auto-radiograms confirmed that the tumors could be visualized clearly with 99mTc- SLCNUgly. Blood kinetic study of radio-conjugate showed a biexponential pattern, as well as quick reduced duration from the blood circulation. This study establishes Glycine Containing nitroxyl (SLCNUgly) as a new spin-labeled diagnostic marker which reduce the negative lateral effects of radiotherapy and for tumor- localization.
KEYWORDS: SLCNUgly, Ex Vivo EPR, 99mTc-conjugate, Biodistribution, EAT Tumor Imaging
Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of support: The research work was funded by the Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, New Delhi, India (BIn–7/2008).
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Copyright © 2015 Karamalakova Y,Chuttani K,Sharma R,Gadjeva V,Gadjeva A,Mishra A. This is an open access article under the CCBY-NC-SA license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/). Which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.